XML Security

Since Camel 2.0

The XMLSecurity Data Format facilitates encryption and decryption of XML payloads at the Document, Element, and Element Content levels (including simultaneous multi-node encryption/decryption using XPath). To sign messages using the XML Signature specification, please see the Camel XML Security component.

The encryption capability is based on formats supported using the Apache XML Security (Santuario) project. Symmetric encryption/decryption is currently supported using Triple-DES and AES (128, 192, and 256) encryption formats. Additional formats can be easily added later as needed. This capability allows Camel users to encrypt/decrypt payloads while being dispatched or received along a route.

Since Camel 2.9

 The XMLSecurity Data Format supports asymmetric key encryption. In this
encryption model a symmetric key is generated and used to perform XML
content encryption or decryption. This "content encryption key" is then
itself encrypted using an asymmetric encryption algorithm that leverages
the recipient's public key as the "key encryption key". Use of an
asymmetric key encryption algorithm ensures that only the holder of the
recipient's private key can access the generated symmetric encryption
key. Thus, only the private key holder can decode the message. The
XMLSecurity Data Format handles all of the logic required to encrypt and
decrypt the message content and encryption key(s) using asymmetric key
encryption.

The XMLSecurity Data Format also has improved support for namespaces when processing the XPath queries that select content for encryption. A namespace definition mapping can be included as part of the data format configuration. This enables true namespace matching, even if the prefix values in the XPath query and the target xml document are not equivalent strings.

XMLSecurity Options

The XML Security dataformat supports 13 options, which are listed below.

Name Default Java Type Description

xmlCipherAlgorithm

TRIPLEDES

String

The cipher algorithm to be used for encryption/decryption of the XML message content. The available choices are: XMLCipher.TRIPLEDES XMLCipher.AES_128 XMLCipher.AES_128_GCM XMLCipher.AES_192 XMLCipher.AES_192_GCM XMLCipher.AES_256 XMLCipher.AES_256_GCM XMLCipher.SEED_128 XMLCipher.CAMELLIA_128 XMLCipher.CAMELLIA_192 XMLCipher.CAMELLIA_256 The default value is MLCipher.TRIPLEDES

passPhrase

String

A String used as passPhrase to encrypt/decrypt content. The passPhrase has to be provided. If no passPhrase is specified, a default passPhrase is used. The passPhrase needs to be put together in conjunction with the appropriate encryption algorithm. For example using TRIPLEDES the passPhase can be a Only another 24 Byte key

passPhraseByte

byte[]

A byte used as passPhrase to encrypt/decrypt content. The passPhrase has to be provided. If no passPhrase is specified, a default passPhrase is used. The passPhrase needs to be put together in conjunction with the appropriate encryption algorithm. For example using TRIPLEDES the passPhase can be a Only another 24 Byte key

secureTag

String

The XPath reference to the XML Element selected for encryption/decryption. If no tag is specified, the entire payload is encrypted/decrypted.

secureTagContents

false

Boolean

A boolean value to specify whether the XML Element is to be encrypted or the contents of the XML Element false = Element Level true = Element Content Level

keyCipherAlgorithm

RSA_OAEP

String

The cipher algorithm to be used for encryption/decryption of the asymmetric key. The available choices are: XMLCipher.RSA_v1dot5 XMLCipher.RSA_OAEP XMLCipher.RSA_OAEP_11 The default value is XMLCipher.RSA_OAEP

recipientKeyAlias

String

The key alias to be used when retrieving the recipient’s public or private key from a KeyStore when performing asymmetric key encryption or decryption.

keyOrTrustStoreParametersId

String

Refers to a KeyStore instance to lookup in the registry, which is used for configuration options for creating and loading a KeyStore instance that represents the sender’s trustStore or recipient’s keyStore.

keyPassword

String

The password to be used for retrieving the private key from the KeyStore. This key is used for asymmetric decryption.

digestAlgorithm

SHA1

String

The digest algorithm to use with the RSA OAEP algorithm. The available choices are: XMLCipher.SHA1 XMLCipher.SHA256 XMLCipher.SHA512 The default value is XMLCipher.SHA1

mgfAlgorithm

MGF1_SHA1

String

The MGF Algorithm to use with the RSA OAEP algorithm. The available choices are: EncryptionConstants.MGF1_SHA1 EncryptionConstants.MGF1_SHA256 EncryptionConstants.MGF1_SHA512 The default value is EncryptionConstants.MGF1_SHA1

addKeyValueForEncryptedKey

true

Boolean

Whether to add the public key used to encrypt the session key as a KeyValue in the EncryptedKey structure or not.

contentTypeHeader

false

Boolean

Whether the data format should set the Content-Type header with the type from the data format if the data format is capable of doing so. For example application/xml for data formats marshalling to XML, or application/json for data formats marshalling to JSon etc.

Key Cipher Algorithm

As of Camel 2.12.0, the default Key Cipher Algorithm is now XMLCipher.RSA_OAEP instead of XMLCipher.RSA_v1dot5. Usage of XMLCipher.RSA_v1dot5 is discouraged due to various attacks. Requests that use RSA v1.5 as the key cipher algorithm will be rejected unless it has been explicitly configured as the key cipher algorithm.

Marshal

In order to encrypt the payload, the marshal processor needs to be applied on the route followed by the secureXML() tag.

Unmarshal

In order to decrypt the payload, the unmarshal processor needs to be applied on the route followed by the secureXML() tag.

Examples

Given below are several examples of how marshalling could be performed at the Document, Element, and Content levels.

Full Payload encryption/decryption

from("direct:start")
    .marshal().secureXML()
    .unmarshal().secureXML()
    .to("direct:end");

Partial Payload Content Only encryption/decryption

String tagXPATH = "//cheesesites/italy/cheese";
boolean secureTagContent = true;
...
from("direct:start")
    .marshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent)
    .unmarshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent)
    .to("direct:end");

Partial Multi Node Payload Content Only encryption/decryption

String tagXPATH = "//cheesesites/*/cheese";
boolean secureTagContent = true;
...
from("direct:start")
    .marshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent)
    .unmarshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent)
    .to("direct:end");

Partial Payload Content Only encryption/decryption with choice of passPhrase(password)

String tagXPATH = "//cheesesites/italy/cheese";
boolean secureTagContent = true;
...
String passPhrase = "Just another 24 Byte key";
from("direct:start")
    .marshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent, passPhrase)
    .unmarshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent, passPhrase)
    .to("direct:end");

Partial Payload Content Only encryption/decryption with passPhrase(password) and Algorithm

import org.apache.xml.security.encryption.XMLCipher;
....
String tagXPATH = "//cheesesites/italy/cheese";
boolean secureTagContent = true;
String passPhrase = "Just another 24 Byte key";
String algorithm= XMLCipher.TRIPLEDES;
from("direct:start")
    .marshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent, passPhrase, algorithm)
    .unmarshal().secureXML(tagXPATH, secureTagContent, passPhrase, algorithm)
    .to("direct:end");

Partial Payload Content with Namespace support

Java DSL

final Map<String, String> namespaces = new HashMap<String, String>();
namespaces.put("cust", "http://cheese.xmlsecurity.camel.apache.org/");

final KeyStoreParameters tsParameters = new KeyStoreParameters();
tsParameters.setPassword("password");
tsParameters.setResource("sender.ts");

context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
        from("direct:start")
           .marshal().secureXML("//cust:cheesesites/italy", namespaces, true, "recipient",
                                testCypherAlgorithm, XMLCipher.RSA_v1dot5, tsParameters)
           .to("mock:encrypted");
    }
}

Spring XML

A namespace prefix that is defined as part of the camelContext definition can be re-used in context within the data format secureTag attribute of the secureXML element.

<camelContext id="springXmlSecurityDataFormatTestCamelContext"
              xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"
              xmlns:cheese="http://cheese.xmlsecurity.camel.apache.org/">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct://start"/>
            <marshal>
                <secureXML secureTag="//cheese:cheesesites/italy"
                           secureTagContents="true"/>
            </marshal>
            ...

Asymmetric Key Encryption

Spring XML Sender

<!--  trust store configuration -->
<camel:keyStoreParameters id="trustStoreParams" resource="./sender.ts" password="password"/>

<camelContext id="springXmlSecurityDataFormatTestCamelContext"
              xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"
              xmlns:cheese="http://cheese.xmlsecurity.camel.apache.org/">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct://start"/>
            <marshal>
                <secureXML secureTag="//cheese:cheesesites/italy"
                           secureTagContents="true"
                           xmlCipherAlgorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc"
                           keyCipherAlgorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#rsa-1_5"
                           recipientKeyAlias="recipient"
                           keyOrTrustStoreParametersId="trustStoreParams"/>
            </marshal>
            ...

Spring XML Recipient

<!--  key store configuration -->
<camel:keyStoreParameters id="keyStoreParams" resource="./recipient.ks" password="password" />

<camelContext id="springXmlSecurityDataFormatTestCamelContext"
              xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"
              xmlns:cheese="http://cheese.xmlsecurity.camel.apache.org/">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct://encrypted"/>
            <unmarshal>
                <secureXML secureTag="//cheese:cheesesites/italy"
                           secureTagContents="true"
                           xmlCipherAlgorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc"
                           keyCipherAlgorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#rsa-1_5"
                           recipientKeyAlias="recipient"
                           keyOrTrustStoreParametersId="keyStoreParams"
                           keyPassword="privateKeyPassword" />
            </unmarshal>
            ...

Dependencies

This data format is provided within the camel-xmlsecurity component.

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